The UCLA Cosmochemistry Database.

The UCLA Cosmochemistry Database was initiated as part of a data-rescue and -storage project aimed at archiving a variety of cosmochemical data acquired at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). The data collection includes elemental compositions of extraterrestrial materials analyzed by UCLA cosmochemists over the last five decades. The analytical techniques include atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and neutron activation analysis (NAA) at UCLA. The data collection is stored on the Astromaterials Data System (Astromat). We provide both interactive tables and downloadable datasheets for users to access all data. The UCLA Cosmochemistry Database archives cosmochemical data that are essential tools for increasing our understanding of the nature and origin of extraterrestrial materials. Future studies can reference the data collection in the examination, analysis, and classification of newly acquired extraterrestrial samples.

miR-552 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by targeting FOXO1.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a relatively rare but highly malignant cancer. Few effective systemic targeted therapies are available for patients with unresectable ICC, but there exists an urgent need to explore mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of ICC. MicroRNA (miRNA) plays vital roles in the initiation, progression, and drug resistance of different cancers. Recently, the biological function of a novel miRNA, miR-552, has been widely analyzed in hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal, cervical, gastric, and other cancers. However, its role in ICC has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we found that miR-552 expression was upregulated in ICC and that miR-552 predicted poor prognosis. Using functional studies, we found that miR-552 enhanced the proliferation and invasion ability of ICC cells. Mechanistic research identified that forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) is the target of miR-552 in ICC. Moreover, the combined panels of miR-552 and FOXO1 exhibited a better prognostic value for ICC patients than did miR-552 alone. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that the miR-552/FOXO1 axis drove ICC progression, further suggesting that targeting this axis could be a novel therapeutic strategy for ICC.

Postoperative Prognosis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Associated Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: a Multi-center Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing gradually. The prognosis of NAFLD-ICC has not been well studied. We aim to investigate the prognosis of patients with NAFLD-ICC after curative-intent partial hepatectomy (PH). METHODS: Multi-center data from January 2003 to January 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The prognosis of ICC was analyzed using PSM and compared with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related ICC. RESULTS: A total of 898 patients with ICC were included in this study. Of them, 199 (22.2%) were NAFLD-ICC, and 699 (77.8%) were HBV-ICC. Multivariate analysis showed that CA19-9 ≥ 37 U/mL, microvascular invasion, tumor size > 5 cm, multiple tumors, and lymph node (LN) metastasis were independent risk factors for early recurrence (ER) in ICC patients. After a 1:1 PSM, NAFLD-ICC has worse 5-year overall survival (OS) (24.0% vs. 48.9%), 5-year recurrence (80.9% vs. 55.0%), and ER (58.5% vs. 30.0%) than that of HBV-ICC (all P < 0.01). Multivariable analysis showed NAFLD was an independent risk factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.26, 95% CI 1.63-3.13, P < 0.001), tumor recurrence (HR 2.24, 95%CI 1.61-3.10, P < 0.001) and ER (HR 2.23, 95%CI 1.60-3.09, P < 0.001) in patients with ICC after PH. The sensitivity analysis indicated that NAFLD-ICC patients were more likely to experience ER. CONCLUSION: Compared with HBV-ICC, NAFLD-ICC has a worse prognosis and was more likely to relapse early. More frequent surveillance should be considered.

Igneous meteorites suggest Aluminium-26 heterogeneity in the early Solar Nebula.

The short-lived radionuclide aluminium-26 (26Al) isotope is a major heat source for early planetary melting. The aluminium-26 - magnesium-26 (26Al-26Mg) decay system also serves as a high-resolution relative chronometer. In both cases, however, it is critical to establish whether 26Al was homogeneously or heterogeneously distributed throughout the solar nebula. Here we report a precise lead-207 - lead-206 (207Pb-206Pb) isotopic age of 4565.56 ± 0.12 million years (Ma) for the andesitic achondrite Erg Chech 002. Our analysis, in conjunction with published 26Al-26Mg data, reveals that the initial 26Al/27Al in the source material of this achondrite was notably higher than in various other well-preserved and precisely dated achondrites. Here we demonstrate that the current data clearly indicate spatial heterogeneity of 26Al by a factor of 3-4 in the precursor molecular cloud or the protoplanetary disk of the Solar System, likely associated with the late infall of stellar materials with freshly synthesized radionuclides.

Effect of different PD-1 inhibitor combination therapies for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination therapy offers a new option for treatment of unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (uICC). AIM: To compare the effect of different anti-PD-1 combination therapies as the first-line treatments for uICC. METHODS: This study included 318 patients who received chemotherapy alone (Chemo), anti-PD-1 plus chemotherapy (ICI-chemo), anti-PD-1 plus targeted therapy (ICI-target) or anti-PD-1 plus targeted therapy and chemotherapy (ICI-target-chemo) as first line for uICC from 22 centres in China. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and safety. RESULTS: Patients with ICI-chemo (median PFS [mPFS], 6.3 months; HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.42-0.88; p = 0.008; median OS [mOS], 10.7 months; HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39-0.94; p = 0.026), ICI-target (7.2 months; HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.36-0.80; p = 0.002; 15.8 months; HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.35-0.84; p = 0.006) or ICI-target-chemo (6.9 months; HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.47-0.90; p = 0.009; 14.4 months; HR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.31-0.70; p < 0.001) achieved better clinical outcomes than those with Chemo (3.8 months; 9.3 months). ICI-target was not inferior to ICI-chemo in survival outcomes (HR for PFS: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.55-1.42; p = 0.614; HR for OS: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.51-1.55; p = 0.680). ICI-target-chemo yielded similar prognoses as ICI-chemo (HR for PFS: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.70-1.62; p = 0.764; HR for OS: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.45-1.31; p = 0.328) and ICI-target (HR for PFS: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.77-1.88; p = 0.413; HR for OS: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.51-1.47; p = 0.583) but resulted in more adverse events (p < 0.001; p = 0.010). Multivariable and propensity score analyses supported these findings. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with uICC, ICI-chemo or ICI-target provided more survival benefits than Chemo while achieving comparable prognoses and fewer adverse events than ICI-target-chemo.

Response Surface Optimization of Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction Combined with HPLC for the Rapid Analysis of Multiple Coccidiostats in Feed.

Since antimicrobials were banned as feed additives, coccidiostats with favorable anticoccidial action and growth promotion have been widely used in the breeding industry. The monitoring of coccidiostats in feed is necessary, while the current methods based on mass-spectrometer analysis have limited applicability and matrix effects could interfere with the results. Accordingly, in the present paper, a rapid analytical strategy for the simultaneous determination of six synthetic coccidiostats in feed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection was developed. Coccidiostats in chicken feeds were extracted with the trichloroacetic acid-acetonitrile solution. The cleanup was performed by dispersive solid-phase extraction after the optimization of the response surface methodology. The method exhibited good linearity for target coccidiostats within the range of 0.05~20 µg/mL. Recoveries for six compounds in fortified feed samples were from 67.2% to 107.2% with relative standard deviations less than 9.6%. The limit of detection was 0.2~0.3 mg/kg. The successful application of the method in commercial feed verified that it is effective and sensitive for the rapid determination of multiple coccidiostats in chicken feeds.

Immune responses to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Schizothorax prenanti fed with oxidized konjac glucomannan and its acidolysis products.

The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of dietary oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKGM) and its acidolysis products (L-OKGM) on the immune parameters and the gene expression profile of some inflammatory-related cytokines from Schizothorax prenanti during the early stages of injection with Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish were orally administered with seven different diets containing 0 g kg(-1) (control diet), 8.0, 16.0 and 32.0 g kg(-1) OKGM and L-OKGM diets for 60 days prior to injection. After 60 days, the control and the treated fish were intraperitoneally injected with 0.2 ml PBS or 2 × 10(7) cfu/ml bacteria per fish and sampled at time 6 h post-injection. The results showed that the serum lysozyme activity and complement C3 level of fish fed 8.0 g kg(-1) L-OKGM was significantly increased after bacterial infection. Moreover, the injection with A. hydrophila generally up-regulated the expression of all measured genes when compared to their corresponding controls. When compared with the control group, the expression of TLR22, TNF-α and IL-1ß was significantly increased in fish fed OKGM and L-OKGM diet after bacterial injection. Furthermore, the L-OKGM diet showed higher activity to trigger the immune response against bacteria, especially the low dosage L-OKGM diet. The results suggested that both of OKGM and L-OKGM are promising feed additive for S. prenanti in aquaculture.

The effects of dietary oxidized konjac glucomannan and its acidolysis products on the immune response, expression of immune related genes and disease resistance of Schizothorax prenanti.

In the present study, KGM was degraded by H2O2 and HCl to obtain two products with different molecular weights: oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKGM, 4.7 × 10(5) Da) and low-molecular-weight oxidized konjac glucomannan (L-OKGM, 9.2 × 10(3) Da). The effects of the two OKGM products on IL-1ß, TNF-α, and TLR22 gene expression, and immune parameters and the resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of Schizothorax prenanti were determined. The results showed that the lysozyme activity was significantly enhanced by the L-OKGM diets. The SOD activity was significantly increased by both OKGM and L-OKGM diets. The MDA level of fish fed the OKGM and L-OKGM diets was significantly lower than the control group. IL-1ß mRNA level in the spleen significantly increased in all L-OKGM fed groups. The 8.0 g kg(-1) L-OKGM diet also significantly up-regulated IL-1ß gene expression in the head kidney. In the gut, IL-1ß mRNA levels were significantly higher in fish fed with the 8.0 g kg(-1) OKGM and 16.0 g kg(-1) L-OKGM diets. The TNF-α mRNA level of L-OKGM group significantly increased in the spleen, head kidney and gut. High dosing of OKGM significantly up-regulated TNF-α transcription in the head kidney, while only the 8.0 g kg(-1) OKGM group showed significantly higher TNF-α mRNA expression in the mesonephros. Fish fed the L-OKGM diets showed significantly higher expression of TLR22 in the spleen, head kidney and mesonephros. After the injection of A. hydrophila, the 8.0 g kg(-1) L-OKGM group showed a significantly higher survival rate than did the control group. Present study suggests that OKGM and L-OKGM can up-regulate immune-related gene expression and enhance disease resistance in S. prenanti, and L-OKGM exhibits higher immunomodulatory activity.